Pericardiocentesis

Patients with cardiac tamponade following trauma require an urgent thoracotomy. If this is not immediately available, pericardiocentesis might be considered as a temporising measure, however it will not address the cause of bleeding and the patient will rapidly destabilise again.   Pericardiocentesis is more typically performed in medical causes of Read more

eFAST

Extended Focused Assessment with Sonography in Trauma The aim of eFAST is to rapidly identify life-threats in unstable trauma patients as part of the primary survey. Ultrasound is increasingly being performed on stable patients – this can confirm clinical impressions, aid in early identification of issues in patients who remain Read more

Intubation

  Indications   Indications for intubation in patients with trauma include: Loss of airway patency Airway burns Facial/neck trauma Foreign material in airway (teeth, vomit, blood) Loss of airway protection Decreased GCS Respiratory/cardiac arrest Poor oxygenation or ventilation Hypoventilation with hypoxia Traumatic brain injury High spinal trauma Severe chest trauma Read more

Resuscitative thoracotomy

** This topic is available as a learning module on Ko Awatea ** Click HERE to access this course     Introduction  A resuscitative thoracotomy performed in the ED or pre-hosptial setting is a procedure of last resort to save a potentially salvageable patient who has suffered a traumatic cardiac arrest. Read more

Traumatic cardiac arrest

The mortality from traumatic cardiac arrest (TCA) is high with survival rates ranging between 5.1% – 7.5% (with good neurological outcomes ranging between 2-6%-6.6%).1 Patient with TCA are a heterogeneous group however. Those suffering a TCA as a result of penetrating trauma have been shown to have better survival to Read more

Burns

  Please discuss any patient with the following criteria with the Regional Burns Unit at Middlemore Hospital (think SPAM):     OR   Any burn which has failed to heal with conservative management after 10 days   OR   Any concerns with a burn injured patient   Ph: 09 276 Read more

Spinal cord injury

  Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a relatively rare, but potentially devastating diagnosis with life-long consequences. There are approximately 80-130 new cases of SCI in New Zealand per year.1 The majority of patients are males aged 24-45 with 40% of injuries resulting from motor vehicle accidents. Types of spinal cord Read more

Urethral trauma

Due to anatomical differences, urethral trauma is common in men, but can be seen in women with severe pelvis trauma Suspect urethral injury in patient with Anterior pelvis fractures Straddle injuries Penetrating injuries adjacent to urethra Lateral compression with vaginal vault penetration   Clinical signs Inability to void Haematuria Blood Read more

Pelvic binders

Pelvic binding is an important adjunct in the management of the trauma patient with a suspected “open book” pelvis fracture (AP compression type injury – see pelvis fracture classification below) – correct application can reduce the bony ends of the fracture decreasing pain and bleeding from injured bone cortex. There Read more

Pelvis trauma

  Clinical assessment Inspection  Abrasions/contusions over bony prominences Skin integrity, open wounds Scrotal/perineal haematoma Blood at urethral meatus Leg length discrepancy When a significant pelvis injury is suspected, obtain an AP pelvis x-ray to guide examination and treatment   Feel/move Pelvic stressing or ‘springing’ should not be performed as it Read more